The modernization movement in human society represents the universal historical law of transition from traditional society to modern society, exhibiting the universal characteristics of human social development and progress. The development of world history demonstrates that both capitalist and socialist modernizations are part of the world modernization movement and are unique occurrences within the modernization process of human society. Both possess specific characteristics, yet also exhibit the universal characteristics of the world modernization movement. The progressive development of the world modernization movement has increasingly revealed a universal model of human society characterized by a modern market economy as the economic foundation, equal citizenship as the primary societal structure, people’s sovereignty as the political superstructure, the valorization of reason as the ideological superstructure, the rule of law as the national political system, and respect for individuality as the spiritual way of life. This model has led to the formation of marketization, individualization, democratization, rationalization, the rule of law and individualization as the universal features of human society. It is precisely based on a correct understanding of the dialectical relationship between particularity and universality that the Marxist materialistic view of history has scientifically revealed the historical inevitability of the socialist modernization movement replacing the capitalist modernization movement.

Editor: Zhong Yao、Zheng Yifan

From:Journal of Xiamen University(Arts & Social Sciences).2023.No.3.